Glycolysis process with Steps II Site, Glucose Transporters, Significance OR Importance of Glycolysis II Lets Bloom Study Material II Free notes II

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The process of breakdown of Glucose to provide energy is called as GLYCOLYSIS.

Also known as Embden Meyer Hoff Pathway.

Glycolysis can occur Anaerobically or Aerobically.

Under Anaerobic conditions the process produces 2 ATP.

Under Aerobic conditions the process produces 32 ATP.

SITE:

Glycolysis occurs in CYTOSOL.

The end product of glycolysis is Pyruvate that later on enter mitochondria for TCA cycle (Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle)

GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS:

Glucose is transported via Glucose Transporters named as GLUT.

GLUT-I: In Red Blood Cells.

GLUT-IV: Skeleton Muscles and Adipose tissue.

Glycolysis includes a total of Nine Steps:

  1. Phosphorylation
  2. Rearrangement
  3. Phosphorylation
  4. Splitting
  5. Phosphorylation and Dehydrogenation
  6. Dephosphorylation
  7. Rearrangement
  8. Dehydration
  9. Dephosphorylation
The Step 1,3,5 involves Kinase enzyme

The Step 2,7 involves Mutase enzyme.

The Step 6,9 also involves Kinase enzyme.

The Step 4, 8 involves Lyase enzyme.

STEPWISE REACTIONS OF GLYCOLYSIS:


Importance of Glycolysis:

1. Glycolysis is an important source of energy at the period of birth. During delivery blood circulation decreases to most part of the body of neonate except brain so conserving oxygen supply to brain while other body parts show glycolytic pathway for their energy supply and this continue until circulation return to normal.

2. Glycolysis set the stage for aerobic oxidation of carbohydrates in cells, so it is a preparatory pathway for metabolism of glucose aerobically.

3.Glycolysis is the main source of energy of many cell types. Example: Erythrocytes of blood, cells of cornea and lens, cells of renal medulla and white muscle fibers.

4.Collectively the tissue that are dependent on glycolysis for ATP Production consume about 40g of glucose per day in normal human adult.

5. Glycolysis sets the stage for yeast and alcoholic fermentation.

End product of Glycolysis is (ICAR PG Plant Science2022)

Acetyl Co A

Pyruvic Acid

Glucose-I-Phosphate

Fructose-I-Phosphate

Given below are two statements: (ICAR UG 2021)

STATEMENT I: The first five reactions of glycolysis converts a molecule of glucose into two molecules of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.

STATEMENT II: The final product of glycolysis is pyruvate in aerobic settings and lactate in anerobic settings

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Both statement I and II are correct

Both statement I and II are incorrect

Statement I is correct, but statement II is incorrect

Statement II is correct, but statement I is incorrect

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