Endoplasmic Reticulum: Structure and Function II Cell Biology II Letsbloomstudymaterial II Free study material II

 STRUCTURE:

• Endoplasmic Reticulum is a network like organelle inside the cell, made up of Cisternae, Tubules and Vesicles.
• LOCATION: It is series of interconnecting flattened tubes around the Nucleus. It is continuous with membrane of Endoplasmic Reticulum.
• STRUCTURE:
• CISTERNAE: They are Parallel network of closed membrane. Less in Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.
• TUBULES: They are branched structures.
• VESICLES: Oval membranous structures.
• DISCOVERY: Garniar 1897 discovered Endoplasmic Reticulum.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum is a Single membrane organelle.
• In Muscle cells the organelle is called as Sarcoplasmic Reticulum.
• The space inside the sacs of endoplasmic reticulum is called as Lumen.
• There are large number of small particles called as Ribosomes attached to Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Types of endoplasmic reticulum

Due the appearance of Ribosomes on Endoplasmic Reticulum, The Ribosome coated Endoplasmic Reticulum is called as Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and the other which do not has ribosome attached is called as Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Types

FUNCTIONS

	1.Membrane Biogenesis: Helps in Building of Cell Membrane.
2	Manufacturing of Cholesterol and Lipids (SER)
3.	Synthesis of Proteins and Protein Folding
4.	Synthesis of Important Enzymes and Hormones like steroids.
5.	Channel for transport of material
6.	Glycosylation of Proteins.
7.	Detoxification of Drugs by Cytochrome P450 Family
	8.The endoplasmic reticulum sequesters Ca+2 from the cytosol and serves as a reservoir of calcium
	9.A minor route for oxidation of fatty acids occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum. The pathway is called ω oxidation